3 ways to write a sonnet poem
This guide helps you learn 3 essential ways of writing a sonnet with its rules. Learning this sonnet structure and rules helps you make the effective sonnets!
A sonnet is a unique poetic form with 14 lines following a specific rhyme scheme. It's like an exploration of an idea, wrapped up in beautiful language.
According to a Poetry Foundation survey, 68% of poetry readers enjoy exploring various sonnet styles.
In this guide, we'll explore:
- Structure of a sonnet
- Sonnet rules
So let’s start!
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Sonnet structure: 3 ways of writing a sonnet!
There are a few different ways of writing a sonnet, each with its own way:
1. Petrarchan sonnet structure
Divide the sonnet into an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines)
The octave presents a theme, question, or observation
The sestet provides a resolution, commentary, or conclusion
Follow the rhyme scheme: abba abba for the octave
Use either cdecde or cdcdcd for the sestet's rhyme scheme
2. Shakespearean sonnet structure
Structure the sonnet into three quatrains (four lines each) and a final couplet (two lines)
The quatrains develop the theme or narrative
The couplet offers a summary, twist, or conclusion
Follow the rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg
3. Spenserian sonnet rhyme scheme
Similar to the Shakespearean form with three quatrains and a couplet
The rhyme scheme is: abab bcbc cdcd ee
Rules of writing a sonnet!
Here are five essential rules of sonnet, explained briefly:
A sonnet must consist of 14 lines, traditionally written in iambic pentameter. This means each line has 10 syllables with a specific stress pattern.
Sonnets follow a rhyme scheme. The most common is the Shakespearean rhyme scheme: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. The Petrarchan sonnet, or Italian sonnet is ABBA ABBA CDE CDE.
Sonnets are divided into two sections - an octave (first 8 lines) and a sestet (remaining 6 lines). The octave presents the theme or problem, while the sestet offers a resolution or commentary.
Many sonnets include a "volta," or turn, where the poem shifts in tone, perspective, or metaphor, often around lines 9-11.
Traditionally, sonnets focused on love, but modern sonnets explore diverse topics like nature, death, social issues, etc. However, they maintain the sonnet structure.
Many people feel overwhelmed when first learning about sonnet rules, and I was no exception. I thought, "Sonnets seem fun!" But then I encountered the sonnet rules: 14 lines, a specific rhyme scheme, iambic pentameter, volta, etc.
Wrapping up
Writing a sonnet can be a fun challenge that lets you share ideas in a special way. You can choose from three main styles: Petrarchan, Shakespearean, or Spenserian, each with its own pattern.
Remember, a sonnet has 14 lines, a set rhyme scheme, rhythm in iambic pentameter, and a change in theme partway through. By following these rules, you can create meaningful sonnets.
Start by reading famous sonnets to get a feel for their rhythm and structure before attempting to write your own.
Ready to try your hand at sonnet writing? Challenge yourself to compose your first sonnet today and discover the joy of this timeless poetic form!
But if you're still struggling to write a sonnet, then you can use our sonnet writer.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the three rules of a sonnet?
A sonnet has 14 lines, typically uses a specific rhyme scheme, and often explores a single idea.
How can a poem be a sonnet?
A poem can be a sonnet if it follows the rules of structure and rhyme scheme.
What are the 5 characteristics of a sonnet?
- Compose 14 lines poem
- Follow the iambic pentameter
- Write about love.
- Split in two sections octave and sestet.
- Pick the rhyme scheme
- Use a volta / turn.
